Clinical Outcomes for Crohn's Disease Patients With Hyperlipidemia: An Analysis of the National Inpatient Sample
Background:
Crohn’s disease is a type of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by transmural inflammation of both small and large bowel, leading to persistent abdominal pain, diarrhea, and other potential complications. Hyperlipidemia is increasing in prevalence in the US population. There is limited data specifically for patients with Crohn’s disease who have concomitant hyperlipidemia. We sought to examine the national inpatient sample database to describe in-hospital outcomes among these patients.
Methods:
Data were extracted from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) Database for the years 2019 and 2020. The NIS was analyzed to compare hospitalizations of adult Crohn’s disease patients with hyperlipidemia to those without, using <italic>International Classification of Diseases Tenth Revision</italic> (ICD-10) codes. Multivariate logistics were used to adjust for confounders. The primary outcome was inpatient mortality. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis.
Results:
This study included 74,743 with Crohn’s disease of whom 18,833 (25.19%) patients had hyperlipidemia. Hyperlipidemic patients with Crohn’s disease had a higher prevalence of CKD (23.00% Vs 14.00%, <italic>P<</italic> 0.001), hypertension (33.62% Vs 17.00%, <italic>P<</italic> 0.001), and smoking (29.37% Vs 21.82%, <italic>P<</italic> 0.001). In-hospital mortality was higher among the patients who had hyperlipidemia (1.6% Vs 1.5% <italic>P<</italic> 0.001). Multivariate regression showed that patients with hyperlipidemia and Crohn’s disease had higher inpatient mortality (OR 1.366, CI 1.319-1.414, <italic>P<</italic> 0.001). On secondary analysis, it has shown that Crohn’s disease patients with hyperlipidemia had higher odds of having obesity (OR 1.600, CI 1.570-1.631, <italic>P<</italic> 0.001), NSTEMI (OR 2.218, CI 2.050 - 2.400, <italic>P<</italic> 0.001), CKD (OR 1.704, CI 1.677-1.732, <italic>P<</italic> 0.001), ventricular arrhythmia (OR 1.712, CI 1.614-1.816, <italic>P<</italic> 0.001), PAD (OR 2.067, CI 1.981-2.156, <italic>P<</italic> 0.001), hypertension (OR 1.993, CI 1.959-2.028, <italic>P<</italic> 0.001), and shock (OR 1.455, 1.396-1.516, <italic>P<</italic> 0.001).
Conclusions:
In this nationally representative population-based retrospective cohort study, hyperlipidemia was associated with higher mortality and worse outcomes among patients who are diagnosed with Crohn’s disease.
