(#60) Clenched Secrets: The Hidden Side Effects of Psychiatric Meds

Abstract: Bruxism, a debilitating condition characterized by involuntary teeth grinding, has been increasingly linked to pharmacological treatments, though the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This review synthesizes current evidence on drug-induced bruxism, focusing on lithium, dopamine-modulating agents, SSRIs, and other antidepressants. Case studies demonstrate that lithium toxicity correlates with bruxism onset, often reversible upon dose reduction. Dopamine antagonists show paradoxical effectsósome subtypes suppress bruxism while others exacerbate it, likely due to differential receptor affinities. SSRIs and SNRIs consistently emerge as bruxism triggers, potentially through serotonergic inhibition of dopaminergic pathways. Clinical data reveal that polypharmacy regimens (e.g., lithium with atypical antipsychotics) may mitigate symptoms compared to monotherapies. Despite growing case reports, controlled studies are scarce, and mechanistic explanations remain speculative. These findings underscore the need for heightened clinical vigilance regarding bruxism as an adverse drug effect, optimized medication regimens, and targeted research to clarify neurochemical pathways. Improved understanding could transform bruxism management in psychiatric and neurological care, particularly for vulnerable populations on long-term pharmacotherapy.Short Description: This review explores medication-induced bruxism, analyzing how lithium, antipsychotics, and antidepressants may trigger or alleviate teeth grinding through complex neurochemical pathways. Highlighting paradoxical drug effects and dose-dependent cases, we reveal critical gaps in understanding this adverse reaction. Essential reading for clinicians managing psychiatric medications, offering evidence-based strategies to balance therapeutic benefits against bruxism risks while calling for urgent research into underlying mechanisms.Name of Sponsoring Organization(s): N/A