Among patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM), chromosome 1q were associated with inferior overall survival (OS) and a higher incidence of concurrent high-risk cytogenetic features.

These data were presented by Abdullah Ramzan, MD, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, at the 2025 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting in Chicago, Illinois.

Previous research has identified chromosome 1 and 17 abnormalities are markers of below-average cancer outcomes, however the clinical characteristics of chromosome 1q abnormalities remain unknown.

Researchers conducted a retrospective cohort study which included 875 patients with newly diagnosed MM.   The median age was 65 years and patients were mostly male (60%). A 1q abnormality was identified in 443 patients, of which 87% had 1q gain and 13% had 1q amplification. Patients with 1q abnormalities also were found to have other cytogenetic abnormalities, including del17p (13%), t(4;14) (17%), and t(14;16) (6%).

In terms of survival, the median OS among patients with 1q abnormalities was significantly lower than in those without (73 vs 105 months). Patients with 1q amplification demonstrated worse survival compared with 1q gain, although this did not reach statistical significance.

Additional patterns emerged in the 1q abnormal group, including a higher representation of IgA isotype (32%) and lambda light chain involvement (45%).

“The presence of a 1q abnormality was associated with inferior survival, with a trend towards worse outcomes among those with 1q amplification compared to 1q gain,” Ramzan and colleagues concluded.

Source:

Ramzan A, Baughn L, Kapoor P, et al. Clinical characteristics, cytogenetic associations, and outcomes in multiple myeloma with chromosome 1q abnormalities. Presented at 2025 ASCO Annual Meeting. May 30-June 3, 2025; Chicago, IL. Abstract 7541.